Big Idea 3 Unit 4

Oct 11, 2024 • 3 min read

Overview

This unit focused on working with strings and string functions in both Python and JavaScript.

String Methods in Python

upper(): Converts all characters in the string to uppercase.
lower(): Converts all characters in the string to lowercase.
capitalize(): Capitalizes only the first character.
replace(): Substitutes one substring with another.
split(): Breaks a string into a list of substrings based on a delimiter.
join(): Combines a list of strings into one string with a specified separator.
isnumeric(): Returns True if all characters are digits.

Useful Functions:

len(): Returns the number of characters in a string.
str(): Converts any value to a string.
f-strings: Format strings with embedded expressions using curly braces {}.
find(): Finds the lowest index where a substring appears, or -1 if not found.

String Operations in JavaScript

Concatenation: Combine strings using the + operator.
Substring: Extract smaller parts from a string.
length: Get the number of characters in a string.

Python Examples

name_length = len("Kharia")
print(name_length)

full_name = "Kush " + "Kharia"
print(full_name)  
substring = full_name[2:6]
print(substring)  



```python
def character_count(input_string):
    letters = 0
    numbers = 0
    spaces = 0

    for char in input_string:
        if char.isalpha():
            letters += 1
        elif char.isdigit():
            numbers += 1
        elif char.isspace():
            spaces += 1

    return letters, numbers, spaces

# Get input from the user
user_input = input("Enter a string: ")
letters, numbers, spaces = character_count(user_input)

print(f"Total letters: {letters}")
print(f"Total numbers: {numbers}")
print(f"Total spaces: {spaces}")

// Length of a string
let lastName = "Kandula";
console.log(lastName.length); // Output: 7

// Concatenate first and last names
let fullName = "Soumini " + "Kandula";
console.log(fullName); // Output: Soumini Kandula

// Extract substring (characters 2 to 8)
let substring = fullName.substring(1, 8);
console.log(substring); // Output: oumini K

function characterCount(inputString) {
    let letters = 0;
    let numbers = 0;
    let spaces = 0;

    for (let char of inputString) {
        if (/[a-zA-Z]/.test(char)) {
            letters++;
        } else if (/[0-9]/.test(char)) {
            numbers++;
        } else if (char === ' ') {
            spaces++;
        }
    }
    return [letters, numbers, spaces];
}

const userInput = prompt("Enter a string:");
const [letters, numbers, spaces] = characterCount(userInput);

console.log(`Total letters: ${letters}`);
console.log(`Total numbers: ${numbers}`);
console.log(`Total spaces: ${spaces}`);